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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 | <!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>Business Research Methods - Short Questions with Answers</title> <style> body{font-family:Arial,sans-serif;line-height:1.6;margin:0;padding:20px;background:#f7f7f7;color:#222} .container{max-width:1000px;margin:auto;background:#fff;padding:20px;border-radius:8px;box-shadow:0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.08)} h1,h2{color:#111} .question{margin-top:18px;padding:12px;border-left:4px solid #333;background:#fafafa} .question h3{margin:0 0 8px;font-size:18px} .answer{margin:0;font-size:15px} @media(max-width:768px){body{padding:10px}.container{padding:15px}.question h3{font-size:16px}} </style> </head> <body> <div class="container"> <h1>Business Research Methods – Short Questions with Answers</h1> <p>Very short and exam-focused answers for 2–4 marks preparation. Answers are kept concise and easy to memorize.</p><h2>UNIT 1 – Research</h2><div class="question"><h3>1. What is Basic Research?</h3><p class="answer">Basic Research is research done to increase knowledge and understanding without immediate practical use. Its main aim is theory development and discovering new facts.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>2. What are the elements of Research Proposal?</h3><p class="answer">Main elements are title, problem statement, objectives, hypothesis, research methodology, sampling plan, data collection methods, time schedule and budget.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>3. Define a Research Problem.</h3><p class="answer">A research problem is a specific issue, difficulty or area of concern that a researcher wants to study and solve through systematic investigation.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>4. Define Business Research and state two applications.</h3><p class="answer">Business Research is the systematic collection and analysis of data for decision-making in business. Applications: marketing research and financial planning.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>5. What is Applied Research?</h3><p class="answer">Applied Research is conducted to solve practical and immediate business problems. It focuses on direct use, unlike Basic Research which focuses on theory.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>6. Define Research and state two qualities.</h3><p class="answer">Research is a systematic and scientific investigation to discover facts and solve problems. Two qualities: objectivity and accuracy.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>7. What is Scientific Method?</h3><p class="answer">Scientific Method is a logical and systematic way of solving problems through observation, hypothesis, testing and conclusion. Characteristics: systematic and verifiable.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>8. What is Management Question?</h3><p class="answer">A management question is the problem faced by management that requires a decision, such as falling sales or low employee performance.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>9. What is Investigation Question?</h3><p class="answer">It is a specific question used to collect information for solving the research problem. It is narrower than the research question.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>10. Define Research Proposal.</h3><p class="answer">A research proposal is a written plan that explains what research will be done, why it will be done and how it will be conducted.</p></div><h2>UNIT 2 – Research Design</h2><div class="question"><h3>11. Define Cross-Sectional Research Design.</h3><p class="answer">Cross-sectional research studies data at one specific point of time from different respondents. It gives a snapshot of the situation.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>12. What do you mean by Control Group?</h3><p class="answer">A control group is the group in an experiment that does not receive treatment and is used for comparison with the experimental group.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>13. What are Independent and Dependent Variables?</h3><p class="answer">Independent variable is the cause or factor changed by the researcher. Dependent variable is the result or effect measured in the study.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>14. Define Exploratory Research Design.</h3><p class="answer">Exploratory Research is used to gain initial understanding of a problem when little information is available. It helps in identifying ideas and hypotheses.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>15. Difference between Qualitative and Quantitative Research.</h3><p class="answer">Qualitative research uses non-numerical data and studies opinions or behavior. Quantitative research uses numerical data and statistical analysis.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>16. What is Research Design?</h3><p class="answer">Research Design is the blueprint or plan of research that explains how data will be collected, measured and analyzed.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>17. What is Descriptive Research Design?</h3><p class="answer">Descriptive Research describes characteristics of people, situations or events. It answers who, what, when and where.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>18. What is Longitudinal Research?</h3><p class="answer">Longitudinal research studies the same subjects over a long period of time. Cross-sectional studies only once at a single time.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>19. Define Experimental Design.</h3><p class="answer">Experimental Design studies cause-and-effect relationships by changing one variable and observing its effect on another variable.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>20. Define Observation Method.</h3><p class="answer">Observation method is a technique where data is collected by directly watching people, events or situations.</p></div><h2>UNIT 3 – Scaling and Measurement</h2><div class="question"><h3>21. Define Validity.</h3><p class="answer">Validity means the measuring instrument actually measures what it is intended to measure.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>22. What is Reliability?</h3><p class="answer">Reliability means consistency of results. If repeated, the measurement should give similar results.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>23. What is a Likert Scale?</h3><p class="answer">Likert Scale is an attitude scale where respondents show agreement or disagreement on statements such as strongly agree to strongly disagree.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>24. List the Levels of Measurement.</h3><p class="answer">The four levels are Nominal, Ordinal, Interval and Ratio scale.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>25. What is Measurement?</h3><p class="answer">Measurement means assigning numbers or symbols to characteristics of objects according to rules for analysis and comparison.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>26. What is Nominal Scale?</h3><p class="answer">Nominal scale classifies data into categories without order. Example: gender, religion.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>27. What is Ordinal Scale?</h3><p class="answer">Ordinal scale arranges data in order or rank. Example: first, second, third position.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>28. What is Interval Scale?</h3><p class="answer">Interval scale has equal intervals but no true zero. Example: temperature in Celsius.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>29. What is Ratio Scale?</h3><p class="answer">Ratio scale has equal intervals and a true zero. Example: income, weight, height.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>30. What is Semantic Differential Scale?</h3><p class="answer">It measures attitude between two opposite adjectives like good–bad, fast–slow on a rating scale.</p></div><h2>UNIT 4 – Sampling</h2><div class="question"><h3>31. Define Sampling Error.</h3><p class="answer">Sampling error is the difference between sample result and actual population result caused by selecting only part of the population.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>32. What do you mean by Sample?</h3><p class="answer">A sample is a small group selected from the population to represent the whole population for research study.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>33. What is Sampling Frame?</h3><p class="answer">Sampling frame is the complete list of all units of the population from which the sample is selected.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>34. Define Stratified Random Sampling.</h3><p class="answer">In stratified sampling, population is divided into groups called strata and random samples are taken from each group.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>35. Define Population in Research.</h3><p class="answer">Population is the complete set of all individuals, items or observations relevant to the study.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>36. What is Simple Random Sampling?</h3><p class="answer">Every unit in the population has an equal chance of being selected. It reduces selection bias.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>37. Define Systematic Sampling.</h3><p class="answer">In systematic sampling, every nth unit is selected from the population list after a random starting point.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>38. What is Convenience Sampling?</h3><p class="answer">Convenience sampling selects respondents who are easily available and accessible to the researcher.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>39. What is Snowball Sampling?</h3><p class="answer">In snowball sampling, existing respondents help identify new respondents. It is useful for hidden populations.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>40. What is Non-Response?</h3><p class="answer">Non-response occurs when selected respondents do not reply or provide incomplete information.</p></div><h2>UNIT 5 – Data Analysis and Report Writing</h2><div class="question"><h3>41. What is Tabulation?</h3><p class="answer">Tabulation means arranging collected data in rows and columns for easy understanding and analysis.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>42. What is Pie Diagram?</h3><p class="answer">Pie diagram is a circular chart divided into sectors to show proportion of each part in the total.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>43. What is ANOVA?</h3><p class="answer">ANOVA means Analysis of Variance. It is used to compare means of two or more groups to check significant differences.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>44. What is Hypothesis Testing?</h3><p class="answer">Hypothesis testing is a statistical method used to test whether a statement or assumption about a population is true.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>45. What is Null Hypothesis?</h3><p class="answer">Null Hypothesis (H0) states that there is no significant difference or relationship. Example: there is no effect of advertising on sales.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>46. What is Alternative Hypothesis?</h3><p class="answer">Alternative Hypothesis (H1) states that there is a significant difference or relationship between variables.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>47. What is Frequency Distribution?</h3><p class="answer">It is a table showing how many times each value or class occurs in a dataset.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>48. What is a Bar Chart?</h3><p class="answer">A bar chart uses rectangular bars to compare values of different categories.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>49. What is Histogram?</h3><p class="answer">Histogram is a graph for continuous data where bars touch each other. It shows frequency distribution.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>50. What is a Research Report?</h3><p class="answer">A research report is a formal written document presenting objectives, methods, findings, conclusions and recommendations of research.</p></div><p><strong>Note:</strong> This file will be continued with all remaining questions up to 100 in the same short-answer format.</p><div class="question"><h3>79. What is Tabulation?</h3><p class="answer">Tabulation means arranging data in rows and columns for easy understanding and analysis.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>80. What is Pie Diagram?</h3><p class="answer">Pie diagram is a circular chart divided into parts to show proportion of each category.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>81. What is ANOVA?</h3><p class="answer">ANOVA means Analysis of Variance. It compares means of different groups.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>82. What are types of Research Reports?</h3><p class="answer">Technical report and popular report are the main types of research reports.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>83. What is the purpose of Hypothesis Testing?</h3><p class="answer">It helps test whether a statement about population is true or false using data.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>84. What is Editing in Data Analysis?</h3><p class="answer">Editing means checking collected data for mistakes, completeness and consistency.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>85. What is Coding in Research?</h3><p class="answer">Coding means giving symbols or numbers to responses for easy classification and analysis.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>86. What is Frequency Distribution?</h3><p class="answer">It shows how many times each value or class appears in the data.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>87. What is Frequency Table?</h3><p class="answer">A frequency table is a table showing values and their corresponding frequencies.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>88. What is a Bar Chart?</h3><p class="answer">A bar chart uses rectangular bars to compare values of different categories.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>89. What is Histogram?</h3><p class="answer">Histogram is a graph of continuous data where bars touch each other.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>90. What is Null Hypothesis?</h3><p class="answer">Null hypothesis states that there is no significant difference or relationship.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>91. What is Alternative Hypothesis?</h3><p class="answer">Alternative hypothesis states that a significant difference or relationship exists.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>92. Two qualities of a good hypothesis?</h3><p class="answer">It should be clear and testable.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>93. What is One-Way ANOVA?</h3><p class="answer">It compares means of more than two groups using one factor only.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>94. What is Two-Way ANOVA?</h3><p class="answer">It compares means using two independent factors together.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>95. What is a Research Report?</h3><p class="answer">It is a formal written document showing research process, findings and conclusions.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>96. What is Preliminary Section?</h3><p class="answer">It includes title page, certificate, acknowledgement, index and summary.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>97. What is Main Report?</h3><p class="answer">It contains introduction, objectives, methodology, analysis and findings.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>98. What are Recommendations?</h3><p class="answer">Recommendations are useful suggestions given after research findings.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>99. What are Limitations of Study?</h3><p class="answer">These are restrictions like time, cost and small sample size affecting research.</p></div> <div class="question"><h3>100. What is Tabular Representation of Data?</h3><p class="answer">It means presenting data systematically in tables using rows and columns.</p></div> </div> </body> </html> |