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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
 <head>
  <meta charset="utf-8"/>
  <title>
   B.R.A. Bihar University - Semester III Syllabus
  </title>
  <style>
   body {
      font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
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 </head>
 <body>
  <h1>
   B.R.A. Bihar University, Muzaffarpur
  </h1>
  <h2>
   Semester-III
  </h2>
  <h3 id="BCA-301">
   BCA-301: Fundamentals of Management &amp; Business Accounting
  </h3>
  <p>
   <strong>
    Total Lectures = 50
   </strong>
  </p>
  <h4>
   Unit – I:
  </h4>
  <p>
   Concept: Nature, Functions of Managers, Management: Arts vs Science, Evolution of Management Thoughts, 
        Functions of Management.
  </p>
  <h4>
   Unit – II:
  </h4>
  <p>
   Types of Control, Steps involved in Control Process, Meaning and importance of the study of Organisational Behaviour. 
        Improving inter-personal effectiveness, inter-personal communication.
  </p>
  <h4>
   Unit – III:
  </h4>
  <p>
   Introduction of Accounting, Basics of Accounting - Meaning of Accounting and Accounting Cycle, 
        Users of Accounting Information and Their Needs, Objectives, Types of Accounting Information, 
        Advantages, Limitations, and Branches of Accounting, Basic Accounting Terminology.
  </p>
  <h4>
   Unit – IV:
  </h4>
  <p>
   Double Entry System of Book Keeping, Accounting and Economic Concept of Income, 
        Computation of Accounting Income and economic Income.
  </p>
  <h4>
   Unit – V:
  </h4>
  <p>
   Journalising, Posting and Balancing. Financial Statements - Meaning, Usefulness, Elements of Financial Statements, 
        Manufacturing Financial Statements. Trading Account, Profit &amp; Loss Account, Balance Sheet (Position Statement), 
        Distinction Between Manufacturing Account and Trading Account, Trial Balance.
  </p>
  <h4>
   Unit – VI:
  </h4>
  <p>
   Use of Computers in Accounting – Meaning, Capability and Role of Computers in Accounting, Computer Terms.
  </p>
  <h4>
   Text Books:
  </h4>
  <ol>
   <li>
    Principles and Practices of Management by L.M. Prasad
   </li>
   <li>
    Essentials of Management by Harold Koontz &amp; O'Donnell
   </li>
   <li>
    Organisation and Management by R.D. Agrawal
   </li>
   <li>
    Organisation Behaviour by Fred Luthers
   </li>
   <li>
    Management of Organisation Behaviour – Harshey &amp; Blanchard
   </li>
   <li>
    Financial Accounting, P.C. Tulsiyan, 2nd Ed. Pearson
   </li>
   <li>
    Modern Accountancy – A. Mukherjee &amp; M. Hanif
   </li>
   <li>
    Advance Accountancy – J.R. Batliboi
   </li>
   <li>
    Comprehensive Accountancy – S.A. Siddiqui, Laxmi Publ.
   </li>
  </ol>
  <hr/>
  <h3 id="BCA-302">  
   BCA – 302: Database Management System
  </h3>
  <p>
   <strong>
    Total Lectures = 50
   </strong>
  </p>
  <h4>
   Unit – I: Introduction
  </h4>
  <p>
   Database and Database Users, Characteristics of the Database Approach, Structure, Function and Components of DBMS, 
        Different people behind DBMS, Advantages of using DBMS. Database System Concepts and architecture: 
        Data Models, Schemas, and Instances. DBMS 3-Level ANSI/SPARC Architecture and Data Independence, 
        Types of DBMS.
  </p>
  <h4>
   Unit – II: Data Models
  </h4>
  <p>
   Entity-Relationship Model: Entity types, Entity sets, attributes, and Keys, 
        ER Model Concepts, Notation for ER Diagrams, Reducing E-R Diagrams to tables. 
        Abstraction - Generalisation, Specialisation, and Aggregation. Cardinality and Modality. Exercises.
  </p>

  <h2>
   Unit – III: Relational Data Model
  </h2>
  <p>
   Structure and properties of relational model, Relation, Attribute, Tuple, Keys: Super, Primary, Candidate, Alternate, and Foreign keys. 
        Relational Algebra: Union, Intersection, Difference, Cartesian Product, Division, Join. 
        Introduction to Network and Hierarchical Data models.
  </p>
  <h2>
   Unit – IV: Functional Dependencies and Normalization for Relational Database
  </h2>
  <p>
   Functional Dependencies and its types, Axioms for FDs, Decomposition Rules, 
        Different Normal Forms: 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF, Multi-valued dependencies – 4NF and 5NF, DKNF.
  </p>
  <h2>
   Unit – V: Relational Database Language
  </h2>
  <p>
   Data definition in SQL, DDL Commands, DML Commands, Queries in SQL - Simple Queries, Nested Queries, Aggregate Functions, 
        Insert, Delete and Update, Views in SQL, Specifying General Constraints as Assertions, specifying indexes.
  </p>
  <h2>
   Unit – VI: Transaction Processing Concepts
  </h2>
  <p>
   Introduction, Transaction and System Concepts, Desirable (ACID) properties of transaction, 
        Recovery Techniques: Log-based, Check-points and Shadow paging, Serializability of schedules, 
        Problems with concurrency, Concurrency Control, Locking Techniques, Lock types, 
        Granularity of Locking, Concurrency Control based on time stamp ordering.
  </p>
  <h3>
   Text Books:
  </h3>
  <ol>
   <li>
    Remez Elmaseri and Shamkant B. Navathe, “Fundamentals of Database Systems”, 5th Ed., Pearson Educ., 2007.
   </li>
   <li>
    Shio Kumar Singh, “Database Systems - Concepts, Designs and Application”, 2011, Pearson.
   </li>
   <li>
    A. Silberschatz, Henry. F. Korth, S. Sudarshan, “Database System Concepts” 6th Ed, McGraw Hill, 2012.
   </li>
   <li>
    Bipin C. Desai, “An Introduction to Database Systems”, Galgotia Publications.
   </li>
   <li>
    S.C. Date, A. Kannan, S. Swamynathan, “Introduction to Database Systems”, Pearson, 2013.
   </li>
   <li>
    Alexis Leon &amp; Mathews Leon, “Database Management Systems”, Vikas Publ.
   </li>
   <li>
    Atul Kahate, “Introduction to Database Management Systems”, Pearson Education.
   </li>
   <li>
    Prateek Bhatia, Gurvinder Singh, “Simplified Approach to DDBMS”, Kalyani Publ.
   </li>
   <li>
    Rini Chakrabarti, S. Dasgupta, S. K. Shinde, “Advanced Database Management Systems”, Dremtech Press, 2014.
   </li>
   <li>
    Arun K Majumdar, Primoty Bhattacharya, “Database Management Systems”, McGraw Hill.
   </li>
  </ol>
  <hr/>
  <h2 id="BCA-303">
   BCA – 303: Object Oriented Programming Using C++
  </h2>
  <p>
   <strong>
    Total Lectures = 50
   </strong>
  </p>
  <h3>
   Unit – I:
  </h3>
  <p>
   Object oriented programming concepts. Why do we need object oriented. C++ Programming basics: 
        Output using
   <code>
    cout
   </code>
   . Directives. Input with
   <code>
    cin
   </code>
   . 
        Type
   <code>
    bool
   </code>
   , The
   <code>
    setw
   </code>
   manipulator, Type conversions.
  </p>
  <h3>
   Unit – II:
  </h3>
  <p>
   Functions: Returning values from functions, Reference arguments, Overloaded function, 
        Inline function, Friend function, Static function, Default arguments, Returning by reference.
  </p>
  <h3>
   Unit – III:
  </h3>
  <p>
   Object and Classes: Making sense of core object concepts (Encapsulation, Abstraction, 
        Polymorphism, Classes, Messages Association, Interfaces). Implementation of class in C++, 
        C++ Objects as physical object, C++ object as data types, constructor, 
        Object as function arguments, The default copy constructor, returning object from function, 
        Structures and classes, Classes objects and memory static class data, Const and classes.
  </p>
  <p>

  <h2>
   Unit - IV
  </h2>
  <p>
   Arrays and string arrays fundamentals, Arrays as class Member Data: Arrays of object, string, The standard C++ String class. Operator overloading: Overloading unary operations, Overloading binary operators, data conversion, pitfalls of operators overloading and conversion keywords. Explicit and Mutable.
  </p>
  <h2>
   Unit - V
  </h2>
  <p>
   Inheritance: Concept of inheritance, Derived class and base class, Derived class construction member function, inheritance in the English distance class, class hierarchies, inheritance and graphics shapes, public and private inheritance, aggregation: Classes within classes, inheritance and program development, Virtual Function: Virtual Function and Function.
  </p>
  <h2>
   Unit - VI
  </h2>
  <p>
   Pointer: Addresses and pointers. The address of operator and pointer and arrays. Pointer and Function member and C-types string. Memory management: New and Delete, pointers to objects, debugging pointers. Assignment and copy initialization, this pointer, dynamic type information. Streams and Files: Streams classes, Stream Errors, Disk File I/O with streams, file pointers, error handling in file I/O with member function, overloading the extraction and insertion operators, memory as a stream object, command line arguments and printer output. Templates and Exceptions: Function templates, Class templates Exceptions.
  </p>
  <h3>
   Text Books:
  </h3>
  <ol>
   <li>
    Programming in C++, Robert Lafore, TMH
   </li>
   <li>
    Programming in C++, Ashok M. Kamthane, Pearson
   </li>
   <li>
    Object Oriented Programming with C++, E. Balaguruswamy, TMH
   </li>
   <li>
    C++ Programming, Maria Litvin &amp; Gary Litvin, Vikas Publ.
   </li>
   <li>
    Programming with C++, D. Ravichandran, TMH
   </li>
   <li>
    Object Oriented Programming with C++, Rohit Khurana, ITESL, Vikas Publ.
   </li>
  </ol>
  <h2 id="BCA-304">
   BCA – 304: NUMERICAL METHODOLOGY
  </h2>
  <p>
   <strong>
    Total Lectures = 50
   </strong>
  </p>
  <h3>
   Unit – I
  </h3>
  <p>
   Solution of a nonlinear algebraic and transcendental equations: Bisection method, False position, Newton Raphson method, Iterative Method, Lin Bairstow’s method.
  </p>
  <h3>
   Unit – II
  </h3>
  <p>
   Solution of Simultaneous linear equation: Gauss elimination, Gauss Jordan, LU decomposition, Crout’s method, Jacobi, Gauss Seidel, Relaxation method, Inverse of a matrix using iterative method.
  </p>
  <h3>
   Unit – III
  </h3>
  <p>
   Finite differences: Introduction and different types of operators and relation between them. Factorial notation and Polynomial in factorial notation.
  </p>
  <h3>
   Unit – IV
  </h3>
  <p>
   Interpolation: Introduction Newton forward and backward interpolation, Newton Divided differences, Lagrange’s Interpolation, Central difference interpolation formula, Gauss forward and backward interpolation formula. Numerical differentiation.
  </p>

  <h2>
   Unit – V
  </h2>
  <p>
   Numerical Integration: Trapezoidal and Simpson’s rules, Weddle’s rule and their order of error.
  </p>
  <h2>
   Unit – VI
  </h2>
  <p>
   Solution of ordinary differential equation: Euler’s method, Euler’s modified method, Runga Kutta method, Taylor’s Series method, Picard’s method, Adams-Bashforth method.
  </p>
  <p>
   <strong>
    Note:
   </strong>
   Students may use scientific calculator for numerical calculations of various functions (Log, Exponential, Trigonometrical, etc.)
  </p>
  <h3>
   Text Books:
  </h3>
  <ol>
   <li>
    Jain, M.K.: Numerical method for scientific and Engg. Computations – Wiley Eastern, N.D.
   </li>
   <li>
    Sastry, S.S.: Introduction to Numerical Analysis – PHI
   </li>
   <li>
    V. Rajaraman: Computer Oriented Numerical Methods – PHI
   </li>
   <li>
    Gonte de Boore – Elementary Numerical Analysis, Tata McGraw Hill
   </li>
  </ol>
  <h2 id="BCA-305">
   BCA – 305: LAB ON DBMS (MS-ACCESS/SQL)
  </h2>
  <p>
   <strong>
    Total Lab Classes = 60
   </strong>
  </p>
  <h3>
   SQL Commands:
  </h3>
  <p>
   <strong>
    DDL:
   </strong>
   CREATE, ALTER, DROP, INDEX
   <br/>
   <strong>
    DML:
   </strong>
   insert, delete, update, and commands related to queries on tables – simple and nested queries. Basic data retrieval; condition specification; order by; Use of logical operators – and, or, not; Range searching; Pattern matching; arithmetic and aggregate functions; Joining multiple tables – (Equi joins); set manipulations – Any, All, In, Exists, Union, Intersect, Minus, grouping command. Creating views.
   <br/>
   <strong>
    DCL:
   </strong>
   GRANT and REVOKE
   <br/>
   <strong>
    TCL:
   </strong>
   COMMIT, ROLLBACK and SAVEPOINT
  </p>
  <h3>
   Text Books:
  </h3>
  <ol>
   <li>
    SQL &amp; PL/SQL For Oracle 11g Black Book, Dr. P.S. Deshpande, Dreamtech Press
   </li>
   <li>
    Commercial Application Development using Oracle Developer 2000, Ivan Bayross, BPB Publ.
   </li>
   <li>
    SQL, PL/SQL The Programming Language Of Oracle, Ivan Bayross, BPB Publ.
   </li>
   <li>
    Learning Oracle SQL and PL/SQL: A Simplified Approach, Rajeev C. Chatterjee, PHI
   </li>
   <li>
    Oracle - The Complete Reference, Oracle Press, TMH Edition
   </li>
   <li>
    SQL - A Complete Reference, Alexis Leon &amp; Mathews Leon, TMH
   </li>
  </ol>
  <h2 id="BCA-306">
   BCA – 306: LAB ON C++
  </h2>
  <p>
   <strong>
    Total Lectures = 60
   </strong>
  </p>
  <h3>
   Program in C++ related to following topics:
  </h3>
  <p>
   Input/Output using
   <code>
    cin
   </code>
   /
   <code>
    cout
   </code>
   . Decision making using
   <code>
    if else
   </code>
   ,
   <code>
    switch case
   </code>
   , conditional operator. Looping using
   <code>
    while
   </code>
   ,
   <code>
    do while
   </code>
   and
   <code>
    for
   </code>
   . Array – single and multi dimension. Function – simple, recursive, call by value and reference, overloading, default argument value. Class - Constructor, Member Functions. Operator overloading. Friend function. Inheritance – Single, Multilevel, Multiple, Virtual Function. Stream handling.
  </p>
  <h3>
   1. Simple C++ Programs to Implement Various Control Structures
  </h3>
  <p>
   <strong>
    Ex 1A:
   </strong>
   <code>
    if .. else
   </code>
   statement
  </p>

  <h2>
   Ex 1B:
  </h2>
  <ul>
   <li>
    An electricity board charges the following rates to domestic users to discourage large consumption of energy:
    <ul>
     <li>
      FOR the first 100 units – 50P per unit
     </li>
     <li>
      For next 200 units – 80P per unit
     </li>
     <li>
      Beyond 300 units – 90P per unit
     </li>
    </ul>
    All users are charged a minimum of Rs.50.00. If the total amount is more than Rs.300.00 then an additional surcharge of 15% is added.
            Write a C++ program to read the names of users and number of units consumed and print out the charges with names.
    <br/>
    <strong>
     Hint:
    </strong>
    Use if, switch-case statements and do...while loop.
   </li>
   <li>
    An election is contested by five candidates. The candidates are numbered 1 to 5 and a voting is done by marking the candidate number in a ballot paper. Write a C++ program to read the ballot and count the votes cast for each candidate using an array variable count. 
            In case a number read is outside the range 1 to 5 the ballot should be considered as a "spoilt ballot", and the program should also count the number of spoilt ballots.
   </li>
  </ul>
  <h2>
   Ex 1C:
  </h2>
  <p>
   for loop - Write a C++ program to print the different Pyramid structures.
  </p>
  <h2>
   Ex 1D:
  </h2>
  <p>
   while loop - Write a C++ program to print the Fibonacci series 0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 .... 
        By getting number of numbers to be displayed as input.
   <br/>
   Eg. If 5 is input value, it should print first 5 numbers: 0 1 1 2 3
  </p>
  <h2>
   2. Programs to Understand Structure &amp; Unions.
  </h2>
  <h3>
   Ex 2A: Structure
  </h3>
  <ul>
   <li>
    Create a Structure called employee with the following details as variables within it:
    <ol>
     <li>
      Name of the employee
     </li>
     <li>
      Age
     </li>
     <li>
      Designation
     </li>
     <li>
      Salary
     </li>
    </ol>
   </li>
   <li>
    Write a C++ program to create array of objects for the structure to access these and print the name, age, designation and salary.
   </li>
  </ul>
  <h3>
   Ex 2B: Union
  </h3>
  <ul>
   <li>
    Create a Union called student with the following details as variables within it:
    <ol>
     <li>
      Name of the student
     </li>
     <li>
      Age
     </li>
     <li>
      Year of study
     </li>
     <li>
      Semester
     </li>
     <li>
      5 different subject marks in array
     </li>
    </ol>
   </li>
   <li>
    Write a C++ program to create object for the union to access these and print the Name, age, year, semester and grade according to their percentage of marks scored.
    <ul>
     <li>
      90% and above – S grade
     </li>
     <li>
      80% to 89% – A grade
     </li>
     <li>
      70% to 79% – B grade
     </li>
     <li>
      50% to 69% – C grade
     </li>
     <li>
      50% to 59% – D grade
     </li>
     <li>
      &lt;50% – F grade
     </li>
    </ul>
   </li>
  </ul>

  <h2>
   3. Programs to Understand Pointer Arithmetic
  </h2>
  <h3>
   Ex 3:
  </h3>
  <p>
   Write a C++ program to find the number of vowels present in the given character array using pointer arithmetic.
  </p>
  <h3>
   Ex 4A:
  </h3>
  <p>
   Write a C++ program to print the given number in reverse order. Use functions with return type and without return type for reversing the number.
   <br/>
   <strong>
    Ex:
   </strong>
   Given number is 2345, output should be 5432
  </p>
  <h3>
   Ex 4B:
  </h3>
  <p>
   Write a C++ program to find the sum of factorial of a given number using recursive function.
  </p>
  <h3>
   Ex 5:
  </h3>
  <p>
   Write a C++ program to perform different arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction, division, modulus, and multiplication using inline function.
  </p>
  <h2>
   6. Programs to Understand Different Function Call Mechanism: Call by Reference and Call by Value
  </h2>
  <h3>
   Ex 6:
  </h3>
  <p>
   Write a C++ program to swap two numbers by both call by value and call by reference mechanism, using two functions
   <code>
    swap_value()
   </code>
   and
   <code>
    swap_reference()
   </code>
   respectively, by getting the choice from the user and executing the user's choice by switch-case.
  </p>
  <h2>
   7. Programs to Understand Storage Specifiers
  </h2>
  <h3>
   Ex 7:
  </h3>
  <p>
   Write a C++ program to demonstrate the static and non-static variable usage defining them within a function.
  </p>
  <h2>
   8. Constructors &amp; Destructors
  </h2>
  <h3>
   Ex 8:
  </h3>
  <p>
   Create a class for counting the number of objects created and destroyed within various blocks using constructor and destructor.
  </p>
  <h2>
   9. Use of “this” Pointer Using Class
  </h2>
  <h3>
   Ex 9:
  </h3>
  <p>
   Write a C++ program to create three objects for a class named
   <code>
    pntr_obj
   </code>
   with data members such as roll number and name. 
        Create a member function
   <code>
    set_data()
   </code>
   for setting the data values and
   <code>
    print()
   </code>
   member function to print which object has invoked it using
   <code>
    this
   </code>
   pointer.
  </p>
  <h2>
   10. Programs to Implement Inheritance and Function Overriding
  </h2>
  <h3>
   Ex 10A:
  </h3>
  <p>
   Write a C++ program with different classes related through multiple inheritance and demonstrate the use of different access specifiers by means of member variables and member functions.
  </p>
  <h3>
   Ex 10B:
  </h3>
  <p>
   Write a C++ program to explain virtual function (polymorphism) by creating a base class
   <code>
    c_polygon
   </code>
   which has virtual function
   <code>
    area()
   </code>
   . 
        Two classes
   <code>
    c_rectangle
   </code>
   and
   <code>
    c_triangle
   </code>
   derived from
   <code>
    c_polygon
   </code>
   and they have
   <code>
    area()
   </code>
   to calculate and return the area of rectangle and triangle respectively.
  </p>
  <h2>
   11. Programs to Overload Unary &amp; Binary Operators as Member Function &amp; Non-Member Function
  </h2>
  <h3>
   Ex 11A:
  </h3>
  <p>
   Write a C++ program to count the number of persons inside a bank, by increasing count whenever a person enters a bank, using an increment (
   <code>
    ++
   </code>
   ) operator overloading function, 
        and decrease the count whenever a person leaves the bank using a decrement (
   <code>
    --
   </code>
   ) operator overloading function inside a class.
  </p>
  <h3>
   Ex 11B:
  </h3>
  <p>
   Write a C++ program to create two objects of a class called
   <code>
    company
   </code>
   and add their data members using an operator overloaded function for
   <code>
    +
   </code>
   operator and
   <code>
    -
   </code>
   operator.
  </p>
  <h2>
   12. Programs to Understand Friend Function &amp; Friend Class
  </h2>
  <ul>
   <li>
    a. Friend function
   </li>
   <li>
    b. Friend class
   </li>
  </ul>

  <h3>
   Ex 12 B:
  </h3>
  <p>
   Write a program to accept the student detail such as name and 3 different marks by
   <code>
    get_data()
   </code>
   method and display the name and average of marks using
   <code>
    display()
   </code>
   method. 
        Define a friend class for calculating the average of marks using the method
   <code>
    mark_avg()
   </code>
   .
  </p>
  <h3>
   13. Programs on Class Templates
  </h3>
  <h3>
   A Mini Project
  </h3>
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